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Why3
why3
Commits
6e8bbf9e
Commit
6e8bbf9e
authored
Dec 16, 2010
by
MARCHE Claude
Browse files
Merge branch 'master' of
git+ssh://scm.gforge.inria.fr//gitroot//why3/why3
parents
57ff5346
606d9ad0
Changes
5
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doc/macros.tex
View file @
6e8bbf9e
...
...
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
\newcommand
{
\eg
}{
\emph
{
e.g.
}}
% BNF grammar
\newcommand
{
\keyword
}
[1]
{
\texttt
{
#1
}}
\newcommand
{
\indextt
}
[1]
{
\index
{
#1@
\protect\keyword
{
#1
}}}
\newcommand
{
\indexttbs
}
[1]
{
\index
{
#1@
\protect\keywordbs
{
#1
}}}
\newif\ifspace
...
...
doc/manpages.tex
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6e8bbf9e
...
...
@@ -171,7 +171,8 @@ used to provide other informations :
\item
TODO
\end{itemize}
\section
{
The
\texttt
{
why3ml
}
tool
}
% TODO (pour plus tard)
% \section{The \texttt{why3ml} tool}
[TO BE COMPLETED LATER]
...
...
doc/manual.tex
View file @
6e8bbf9e
\documentclass
[a4paper,11pt,twoside,openright]
{
memoir
}
% rubber: module index
\usepackage
[T1]
{
fontenc
}
%\usepackage{url}
\usepackage
[a4paper,pdftex,colorlinks=true,urlcolor=blue,pdfstartview=FitH]
{
hyperref
}
...
...
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@
\input
{
./version.tex
}
\makeindex
\begin{document}
\sloppy
\hbadness
=1100
...
...
@@ -166,15 +170,18 @@ Initial release.
\input
{
manpages.tex
}
\chapter
{
Complete API documentation
}
\label
{
chap:apidoc
}
%
\chapter{Complete API documentation}
*)
%
\label{chap:apidoc}
*)
\input
{
./apidoc.tex
}
%
\input{./apidoc.tex}
*)
\bibliographystyle
{
abbrv
}
\bibliography
{
manual
}
%\input{biblio-demons}
\cleardoublepage
\printindex
\end{document}
%%% Local Variables:
...
...
doc/syntax.tex
View file @
6e8bbf9e
...
...
@@ -98,6 +98,158 @@ the length of a list is non-negative.
% \section{Using and Cloning Theories} *)
\section*
{
Another Example
}
\index
{
Einstein's logic problem
}
We now consider another, slightly more complex example: to use
\why\
to solve a little puzzle known as ``Einstein's logic
problem''
\footnote
{
This was contributed by St
\'
ephane Lescuyer.
}
.
The problem is stated as follows. Five persons, of five
different nationalities, live in five houses in a row, all
painted with different colors.
These five persones own different pets, drink different beverages and
smoke different brands of cigars.
We are given the following information:
\begin{itemize}
\item
The Englishman lives in a red house;
\item
The Swede has dogs;
\item
The Dane drinks tea;
\item
The green house is on the left of the white one;
\item
The green house's owner drinks coffee;
\item
The person who smokes Pall Mall has birds;
\item
The yellow house's owner smokes Dunhill;
\item
In the house in the center lives someone who drinks milk;
\item
The Norwegian lives in the first house;
\item
The man who smokes Blends lives next to the one who has cats;
\item
The man who owns a horse lives next to the one who smokes Dunhills;
\item
The man who smokes Blue Masters drinks beer;
\item
The German smokes Prince;
\item
The Norwegian lives next to the blue house;
\item
The man who smokes Blends has a neighbour who drinks water.
\end{itemize}
The question is: what is the nationality of the fish's owner?
We start by introducing a general-purpose theory defining the notion
of
\emph
{
bijection
}
, as two abstract types together with two functions from
one to the other and two axioms stating that these functions are
inverse of each other.
\begin{verbatim}
theory Bijection
type t
type u
logic of t : u
logic to u : t
axiom To
_
of : forall x : t. to (of x) = x
axiom Of
_
to : forall y : u. of (to y) = y
end
\end{verbatim}
We now start a new theory,
\texttt
{
Einstein
}
, which will contain all
the individuals of the problem.
\begin{verbatim}
theory Einstein "Einstein's problem"
\end{verbatim}
First we introduce enumeration types for houses, colors, persons,
drinks, cigars and pets.
\begin{verbatim}
type house = H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5
type color = Blue | Green | Red | White | Yellow
type person = Dane | Englishman | German | Norwegian | Swede
type drink = Beer | Coffee | Milk | Tea | Water
type cigar = Blend | BlueMaster | Dunhill | PallMall | Prince
type pet = Birds | Cats | Dogs | Fish | Horse
\end{verbatim}
We now express that each house is associated bijectively to a color,
by cloning the
\texttt
{
Bijection
}
theory appropriately.
\begin{verbatim}
clone Bijection as Color with type t = house, type u = color
\end{verbatim}
It introduces two functions, namely
\texttt
{
Color.of
}
and
\texttt
{
Color.to
}
, from houses to colors and colors to houses,
respectively, and the two axioms relating them.
Similarly, we express that each house is associated bijectively to a
person
\begin{verbatim}
clone Bijection as Owner with type t = house, type u = person
\end{verbatim}
and that drinks, cigars and pets are all associated bijectively to persons:
\begin{verbatim}
clone Bijection as Drink with type t = person, type u = drink
clone Bijection as Cigar with type t = person, type u = cigar
clone Bijection as Pet with type t = person, type u = pet
\end{verbatim}
Next we need a way to state that a person lives next to another. We
first define a predicate
\texttt
{
leftof
}
over two houses.
\begin{verbatim}
logic leftof (h1 h2 : house) =
match h1, h2 with
| H1, H2
| H2, H3
| H3, H4
| H4, H5 -> true
|
_
-> false
end
\end{verbatim}
Note how we advantageously used pattern-matching, with a or-pattern
for the four positive cases and a universal pattern for the remaining
21 cases. It is then immediate to define a
\texttt
{
neighbour
}
predicate over two houses, which completes theory
\texttt
{
Einstein
}
.
\begin{verbatim}
logic rightof (h1 h2 : house) =
leftof h2 h1
logic neighbour (h1 h2 : house) =
leftof h1 h2 or rightof h1 h2
end
\end{verbatim}
The next theory contains the 15 hypotheses. It starts by importing
theory
\texttt
{
Einstein
}
.
\begin{verbatim}
theory EinsteinHints "Hints"
use import Einstein
\end{verbatim}
Then each hypothesis is stated in terms of
\texttt
{
to
}
and
\texttt
{
of
}
functions. For instance, the hypothesis ``The Englishman lives in a
red house'' is declared as the following axiom.
\begin{verbatim}
axiom Hint1: Color.of (Owner.to Englishman) = Red
\end{verbatim}
And so on for all other hypotheses, up to
``The man who smokes Blends has a neighbour who drinks water'', which completes
this theory.
\begin{verbatim}
...
axiom Hint15:
neighbour (Owner.to (Cigar.to Blend)) (Owner.to (Drink.to Water))
end
\end{verbatim}
Finally, we declare the goal in a fourth theory
\begin{verbatim}
theory Problem "Goal of Einstein's problem"
use import Einstein
use import EinsteinHints
goal G: Pet.to Fish = German
end
\end{verbatim}
and we are ready to use
\why\
to discharge this goal with any prover
of our choice.
%%% Local Variables:
%%% mode: latex
...
...
examples/einstein.why
View file @
6e8bbf9e
...
...
@@ -8,21 +8,21 @@ theory Bijection
type t
type u
logic
_
of t : u
logic
_
to u : t
logic of t : u
logic to u : t
axiom To_of : forall x : t.
_
to
(_of(x)
) = x
axiom Of_to : forall y : u.
_
of
(_to(y)
) = y
axiom To_of : forall x : t. to
(of x
) = x
axiom Of_to : forall y : u. of
(to y
) = y
end
theory Einstein "Einstein's problem"
(* Types *)
type house = H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5
type color = Blue | Green | Red | White | Yellow
type house
= H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5
type color
= Blue | Green | Red | White | Yellow
type person = Dane | Englishman | German | Norwegian | Swede
type drink = Beer | Coffee | Milk | Tea | Water
type cigar = Blend | BlueMaster | Dunhill | PallMall | Prince
type pet = Birds | Cats | Dogs | Fish | Horse
type drink
= Beer | Coffee | Milk | Tea | Water
type cigar
= Blend | BlueMaster | Dunhill | PallMall | Prince
type pet
= Birds | Cats | Dogs | Fish | Horse
(* Each house is associated bijectively to a color and a person *)
clone Bijection as Color with type t = house, type u = color
...
...
@@ -31,76 +31,76 @@ theory Einstein "Einstein's problem"
(* Each drink, cigar brand and pet are associated bijectively to a person *)
clone Bijection as Drink with type t = person, type u = drink
clone Bijection as Cigar with type t = person, type u = cigar
clone Bijection as Pet with type t = person, type u = pet
clone Bijection as Pet
with type t = person, type u = pet
(* Relative positions of the houses *)
logic left
_
of (h1 h2 : house) =
logic leftof (h1 h2 : house) =
match h1, h2 with
| H1, H2
-> true
| H2, H3
-> true
| H3, H4
-> true
| H1, H2
| H2, H3
| H3, H4
| H4, H5 -> true
| _
, _
-> false
| _
-> false
end
logic right
_
of (h1 h2 : house) =
left
_
of h2 h1
logic rightof (h1 h2 : house) =
leftof h2 h1
logic neighbour (h1 h2 : house) =
left
_
of h1 h2
\/
right
_
of h1 h2
leftof h1 h2
or
rightof h1 h2
end
theory EinsteinHints "Hints"
use import Einstein
(* The Englishman lives in a red house *)
axiom Hint1: Color.
_
of (Owner.
_
to Englishman) = Red
axiom Hint1: Color.of (Owner.to Englishman) = Red
(* The Swede has dogs *)
axiom Hint2: Pet.
_
of Swede = Dogs
axiom Hint2: Pet.of Swede = Dogs
(* The Dane drinks tea *)
axiom Hint3: Drink.
_
of Dane = Tea
axiom Hint3: Drink.of Dane = Tea
(* The green house is on the left of the white one *)
axiom Hint4: left
_
of (Color.
_
to Green) (Color.
_
to White)
axiom Hint4: leftof (Color.to Green) (Color.to White)
(* The green house's owner drinks coffee *)
axiom Hint5: Drink.
_
of (Owner.
_
of (Color.
_
to Green)) = Coffee
axiom Hint5: Drink.of (Owner.of (Color.to Green)) = Coffee
(* The person who smokes Pall Mall has birds *)
axiom Hint6: Pet.
_
of (Cigar.
_
to PallMall) = Birds
axiom Hint6: Pet.of (Cigar.to PallMall) = Birds
(* The yellow house's owner smokes Dunhill *)
axiom Hint7: Cigar.
_
of (Owner.
_
of (Color.
_
to Yellow)) = Dunhill
axiom Hint7: Cigar.of (Owner.of (Color.to Yellow)) = Dunhill
(* In the house in the center lives someone who drinks milk *)
axiom Hint8: Drink.
_
of (Owner.
_
of H3) = Milk
axiom Hint8: Drink.of (Owner.of H3) = Milk
(* The Norwegian lives in the first house *)
axiom Hint9: Owner.
_
of H1 = Norwegian
axiom Hint9: Owner.of H1 = Norwegian
(* The man who smokes Blends lives next to the one who has cats *)
axiom Hint10: neighbour
(Owner.
_
to (Cigar.
_
to Blend)) (Owner.
_
to (Pet.
_
to Cats))
(Owner.to (Cigar.to Blend)) (Owner.to (Pet.to Cats))
(* The man who owns a horse lives next to the one who smokes Dunhills *)
axiom Hint11: neighbour
(Owner.
_
to (Pet.
_
to Horse)) (Owner.
_
to (Cigar.
_
to Dunhill))
(Owner.to (Pet.to Horse)) (Owner.to (Cigar.to Dunhill))
(* The man who smokes Blue Masters drinks beer *)
axiom Hint12:
Drink.
_
of (Cigar.
_
to BlueMaster) = Beer
Drink.of (Cigar.to BlueMaster) = Beer
(* The German smokes Prince *)
axiom Hint13:
Cigar.
_
of German = Prince
Cigar.of German = Prince
(* The Norwegian lives next to the blue house *)
axiom Hint14:
neighbour (Owner.
_
to Norwegian) (Color.
_
to Blue)
neighbour (Owner.to Norwegian) (Color.to Blue)
(* The man who smokes Blends has a neighbour who drinks water *)
axiom Hint15:
neighbour (Owner.
_
to (Cigar.
_
to Blend)) (Owner.
_
to (Drink.
_
to Water))
neighbour (Owner.to (Cigar.to Blend)) (Owner.to (Drink.to Water))
end
...
...
@@ -108,20 +108,20 @@ theory Goals "Goals about Einstein's problem"
use import Einstein
use import EinsteinHints
(* lemma First_House_Not_White: Color.
_
of H1 <> White *)
(* lemma Last_House_Not_Green: Color.
_
of H5 <> Green *)
(* lemma First_House_Not_White: Color.of H1 <> White *)
(* lemma Last_House_Not_Green: Color.of H5 <> Green *)
(* lemma Blue_not_Red: Blue <> Red *)
(* lemma Englishman_not_H2: Owner.
_
to Englishman <> H2 *)
(* lemma Englishman_not_H1: Owner.
_
to Englishman <> H1 *)
(* lemma Englishman_not_H2: Owner.to Englishman <> H2 *)
(* lemma Englishman_not_H1: Owner.to Englishman <> H1 *)
(* lemma Second_House_Blue: Color.
_
of H2 = Blue *)
(* lemma Green_H4 : Color.
_
of H4 = Green *)
(* lemma White_H5 : Color.
_
of H5 = White *)
(* lemma Red_H3 : Color.
_
of H3 = Red *)
(* lemma Yellow_H1 : Color.
_
of H1 = Yellow *)
(* lemma Second_House_Blue: Color.of H2 = Blue *)
(* lemma Green_H4 : Color.of H4 = Green *)
(* lemma White_H5 : Color.of H5 = White *)
(* lemma Red_H3 : Color.of H3 = Red *)
(* lemma Yellow_H1 : Color.of H1 = Yellow *)
goal G: Pet.
_
to Fish = German
goal G: Pet.to Fish = German
end
...
...
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