From fae265445ac4d8ef44d1c4361608e8beadc670dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me=20Euzenat?= <Jerome.Euzenat@inria.fr>
Date: Thu, 9 Jul 2009 12:10:21 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] - Added working tutorial2
---
html/relnotes.html | 51 +++++---
html/tutorial2/MyApp.class | Bin 0 -> 9527 bytes
html/tutorial2/MyApp.java | 192 ++++++++++++++++++------------
html/tutorial2/Skeleton.java | 220 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
4 files changed, 370 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 html/tutorial2/MyApp.class
create mode 100644 html/tutorial2/Skeleton.java
diff --git a/html/relnotes.html b/html/relnotes.html
index d20d26b5..3d8dc411 100644
--- a/html/relnotes.html
+++ b/html/relnotes.html
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
change your code; minor release numbers bring bug fixes and new
functionnalities but should not require change in existing code.</p>
-<h2>Plan for release 4 (you can comment)</h2>
+<h2>Plan for release 5 (you can comment)</h2>
<p>
-The next major release, release 4, is now in sight due to various
+The next major release, release 5, is now in sight due to various
constraints and needs that have arousen in the past months. Here are
the main ruptures that will appear:
<ul compact="1">
@@ -27,25 +27,16 @@ the main ruptures that will appear:
will provide the opportunity to define everyone owns relation (and
generalise the use of relation algebras). (api/impl)</li>
<li>The <tt>onto</tt> package will be fully externalised from the
- Alignment API. This means in particular (a) the full disappearance
- of the the <tt>OWLAPICell</tt> and <tt>OWLAPIAlignment</tt>
- deprecated since version 3.3, (b) virtualisation of the Ontology
- support from OMWGAlignments which are currently based on Jena, (c)
+ Alignment API. This means in particular (a) virtualisation of the Ontology
+ support from OMWGAlignments which are currently based on Jena, (b)
release of separated subpackages offering OWL API 1.0, OWL API 2.0,
- Jena 2.5, OLGraph and SKOS. (onto)</li>
-<li>Creation of a different project, OntoSim, for supporting distances
- and similarities across ontologies. This project will adopt several
- parts of the current implementation part. It will have no impact on
- the API.</li>
+ Jena 2.5, and SKOS. (onto)</li>
</ul>
Other less radical changes include:
<ul compact="1">
-<li>Replacement of <tt>Parameters</tt> by Java <tt>Property</tt> (api/impl)</li>
<li>Implementation of <tt>Relation</tt> and <tt>Confidence</tt> interfaces </li>
<li>Implement <tt>onto</tt> support in database store (server)</li>
<!--li>Move <tt>OLgraphs</tt> as HeavyLoadedOntology (onto)</li-->
-<li>Integrate OWMG as part of the Alignment API code (impl)</li>
-<li>Implement database store for OMWG Language (server)</li>
</ul>
Currently the development and maintainance of 3 versions continue.
</p>
@@ -60,6 +51,8 @@ Currently the development and maintainance of 3 versions continue.
<li>Improve HTML interface layout and usability (server)</li>
<li>Implement metadata edition (server)</li>
<li>Implement correspondence selection (server)</li>
+<li>Implement semantic precision and recall (impl)</li>
+<li>Implement fully relaxed precision and recall (impl)</li>
<li>Render alignments as module descriptions (impl)</li>
<li>Implement extensive evaluation framework (impl)</li>
<li>Implement debug options with log4j</li>
@@ -67,16 +60,21 @@ Currently the development and maintainance of 3 versions continue.
<li>Add more tests</li>
</ul></p>
-<h2>Next version (3.7: Rouquine carmélite)</h2>
+<h2>Next version (4.0: Rouquine carmélite)</h2>
<p>
This version under development is planned for next September. It is
likely to include:
<ul>
-<li>Integration of OMWG alignments</li>
-<li>Migration to OWL API 2 as the default Ontology implementation</li>
-<li>Separation from <a href="http://ontosim.gforge.inria.fr">OntoSim</a></li>
<li>Integrate some basic reasoning.</li>
+<li>Implementing semantic precision and recall /bug (impl).</li>
+<li>Added a parameter to the OWLAxiomsRenderer so that it could render
+ heterogeneous axioms, like Class sameAs Property (impl).</li>
+<li>Bug in triming, maybe leaves one item to much (impl)</li>
+<li>Integration of OMWG alignments (impl)</li>
+<li>Replacement of <tt>Parameters</tt> by Java <tt>Property</tt> (api/impl)</li>
+<li>Implement database store for OMWG Language (server)</li>
+<li>Addition of advanced tutorial (doc)</li>
</ul>
</p>
@@ -88,9 +86,24 @@ likely to include:
<p>
<ul compact="1">
+<li>Separated the Alignment API from <a href="http://ontosim.gforge.inria.fr">OntoSim</a> (impl/ling)</li>
+<li>Reintegrated <tt>JWNLAlignment</tt> in implementation (procalign)</li>
+<li>Migrated to OWL API 2 as the default Ontology implementation (onto)</li>
+<li>Lifted OWL API 2 as <tt>HeavyLoadedOntology</tt> (onto)</li>
+<li>Added computation of MAP (Mean Average Precision)
+ in <tt>PRGraphEvaluator</tt> (impl).</li>
<li>Added pretty-printing of names in server (server)</li>
+<li>Added initialisation through initial alignment
+ in <tt>MatrixMeasure</tt> (impl)</li>
+<li>Suppressed of the <tt>OWLAPICell</tt> and <tt>OWLAPIAlignment</tt>
+ (deprecated since version 3.3) (impl)</li>
<li>Reorganised the lib directory hierarchically (build)</li>
-<li>Corrected a bug when the server is launched without -S (server)</li>
+<li>Corrected a bug when the server is launched without -S
+ (server)</li>
+<li>Corrected a bug in retrieving alignments from ontologies when the
+ two ontologies are the same (server)</li>
+<li>Corrected a bug when <tt>StringDistAignment<tt> fail to raise
+ exception when bad method given (impl)</tt>
<!--li>Suppressed the capability to export alignments in WSML (impl/omwg)</li-->
</ul>
</p>
diff --git a/html/tutorial2/MyApp.class b/html/tutorial2/MyApp.class
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/html/tutorial2/MyApp.java b/html/tutorial2/MyApp.java
index f1ddb55b..78762b37 100644
--- a/html/tutorial2/MyApp.java
+++ b/html/tutorial2/MyApp.java
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.parser.AlignmentParser;
// Jena
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.ModelFactory;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.Model;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntModelSpec;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryFactory;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.Query;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.ResultSet;
@@ -50,7 +51,14 @@ import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.ResultSetFormatter;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryExecution;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryExecutionFactory;
-// Pellet
+// Pellet and OWL API
+import org.mindswap.pellet.owlapi.Reasoner;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.model.OWLOntologyManager;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.model.OWLOntology;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.model.OWLOntologyCreationException;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.model.OWLClass;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.model.OWLAxiom;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.apibinding.OWLManager;
// IDDL
import fr.inrialpes.exmo.iddl.IDDLReasoner;
@@ -78,6 +86,7 @@ import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
// Java standard classes
+import java.util.Set;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
@@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ import java.net.URISyntaxException;
/**
* MyApp
*
- * Takes two files as arguments and align them.
+ * Reconcile two ontologies in various ways
*/
public class MyApp {
@@ -117,9 +126,12 @@ public class MyApp {
Alignment al = null;
URI uri1 = null;
URI uri2 = null;
- // String u1 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial/edu.mit.visus.bibtex.owl";
- // String u2 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial/myOnto.owl";
+ //String u1 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology1.owl";
+ //String u2 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology2.owl";
+ String u1 = "file:ontology1.owl";
+ String u2 = "file:ontology2.owl";
String method = "fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.method.StringDistAlignment";
+ String tempOntoFileName = "/tmp/myresult.owl";
Parameters params = new BasicParameters();
try {
uri1 = new URI( u1 );
@@ -127,77 +139,89 @@ public class MyApp {
} catch (URISyntaxException use) { use.printStackTrace(); }
// ***** First exercise: matching *****
- // Try to find an alignment between two ontologies from the server
+ // (Sol1) Try to find an alignment between two ontologies from the server
+ // ask for it
String found = getFromURLString( RESTServ+"find?onto1="+u1+"&onto2="+u2, false );
+ // retrieve it
// If there exists alignments, ask for the first one
NodeList alset = extractFromResult( found, "//findResponse/alignmentList/alid[1]/text()", false );
- // Alternative: match the ontologies from the server
- if ( alset.getLength() == -1 ) {
+ // (Sol3) Match the ontologies on the server
+ if ( alset.getLength() == 0 ) {
+ // call for matching
// * tested (must add force = true)
//String match = getFromURLString( RESTServ+"match?onto1="+u1+"&onto2="+u2+"&method="+method+"&pretty="+myId+"&action=Match", true );
// This returns a URI
}
- // Ask it
- String alid = alset.item(0).getNodeValue();
- found = getFromURLString( RESTServ+"retrieve?method=fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.renderer.RDFRendererVisitor&id="+alid, false );
- alset = extractFromResult( found, "//retrieveResponse/result/*[1]",true );
+ if ( alset.getLength() > 0 ) {
+ // Ask it
+ String alid = alset.item(0).getNodeValue();
+ found = getFromURLString( RESTServ+"retrieve?method=fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.renderer.RDFRendererVisitor&id="+alid, false );
+ alset = extractFromResult( found, "//retrieveResponse/result/*[1]",true );
- // This code is heavy as hell
- String xmlString = null;
- try {
- // Set up the output transformer
- TransformerFactory transfac = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
- Transformer trans = transfac.newTransformer();
- trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "yes");
- trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
-
- // Print the DOM node
- StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
- DOMSource source = new DOMSource( alset.item(0) );
- trans.transform(source, new StreamResult(sw));
- xmlString = sw.toString();
-
- //System.out.println(xmlString);
- } catch (TransformerException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
+ // This code is heavy as hell
+ String xmlString = null;
+ try {
+ // Set up the output transformer
+ TransformerFactory transfac = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
+ Transformer trans = transfac.newTransformer();
+ trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "yes");
+ trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
+
+ // Print the DOM node
+ StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+ DOMSource source = new DOMSource( alset.item(0) );
+ trans.transform(source, new StreamResult(sw));
+ xmlString = sw.toString();
+ //System.out.println(xmlString);
+ } catch (TransformerException e) {
+ e.printStackTrace();
+ }
- // Parse it (better passing to the SAXHandler)
- try {
- AlignmentParser aparser = new AlignmentParser(0);
- Alignment alu = aparser.parseString( xmlString );
- al = ObjectAlignment.toObjectAlignment((URIAlignment)alu);
- } catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) {
- pce.printStackTrace();
- } catch (SAXException saxe) {
- saxe.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException ioe) {
- ioe.printStackTrace();
- } catch (AlignmentException ae) {
- ae.printStackTrace();
+ // parse it as an alignment
+ // (better passing to the SAXHandler)
+ try {
+ AlignmentParser aparser = new AlignmentParser(0);
+ Alignment alu = aparser.parseString( xmlString );
+ al = ObjectAlignment.toObjectAlignment((URIAlignment)alu);
+ } catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) {
+ pce.printStackTrace();
+ } catch (SAXException saxe) {
+ saxe.printStackTrace();
+ } catch (IOException ioe) {
+ ioe.printStackTrace();
+ } catch (AlignmentException ae) {
+ ae.printStackTrace();
+ }
}
+ // (Sol2) Match the ontologies with a local algorithm
if ( al == null ){ // Unfortunatelly no alignment was available
- // Match the ontologies with a local algorithm
AlignmentProcess ap = new StringDistAlignment();
try {
ap.init( uri1, uri2 );
params.setParameter("stringFunction","smoaDistance");
+ params.setParameter("noinst","1");
ap.align( (Alignment)null, params );
al = ap;
+ // Supplementary:
+ // upload the result on the server
+ // store it
} catch (AlignmentException ae) { ae.printStackTrace(); }
}
- // Alternative: find an intermediate ontology between which there is matching + Compose it!
+ // Alternative: find an intermediate ontology between which there are alignments
+ // find (basically a graph traversal operation)
+ // retrieve them
+ // parse them
+ // compose them
// ***** Second exercise: merging/transforming *****
- // generate a merged ontology between the ontologies (OWLAxioms)
- // @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@TODO => Set in a file...
+ // (Sol1) generate a merged ontology between the ontologies (OWLAxioms)
PrintWriter writer = null;
- File merged = new File( "/tmp/myresult.owl" );
+ File merged = new File( tempOntoFileName );
try {
writer = new PrintWriter ( new FileWriter( merged, false ), true );
AlignmentVisitor renderer = new OWLAxiomsRendererVisitor(writer);
@@ -215,31 +239,35 @@ public class MyApp {
}
}
- // Alternative: import the data from one ontology into the other
+ // (Sol2) import the data from one ontology into the other
- // ***** Third exercise: querying *****
+ // ***** Third exercise: querying/reasoning *****
- // Use SPARQL to answer queries
- // @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@TOTEST
+ // (Sol1) Use SPARQL to answer queries (at the data level)
InputStream in = null;
QueryExecution qe = null;
try {
- // Open the bloggers RDF graph from the filesystem
- in = new FileInputStream( merged );
-
- // Create an empty in-memory model and populate it from the graph
- Model model = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel();
- //Model model = ModelFactory.createMemModelMaker().createModel();
- model.read(in,null); // null base URI, since model URIs are absolute
+ in = new FileInputStream( merged );
+ //in = new URL("http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology1.owl").openStream();
+ //OntModelSpec.OWL_MEM_RDFS_INF or no arguments to see the difference...
+ Model model = ModelFactory.createOntologyModel(OntModelSpec.OWL_DL_MEM_RULE_INF,null);
+ model.read(in,"file:///tmp/myresult.owl");
in.close();
// Create a new query
+ // Could also be selected by supervisor ???
String queryString =
"PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> " +
- "SELECT ?url " +
+ "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> " +
+ "PREFIX aa: <http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology1.owl#> " +
+ "SELECT ?fn ?ln ?t ?s " +
+ //"SELECT ?fn ?ln " +
"WHERE {" +
- " ?contributor foaf:name \"Jon Foobar\" . " +
- " ?contributor foaf:weblog ?url . " +
+ " ?student rdf:type aa:Estudiante . " +
+ " ?student aa:firstname ?fn. " +
+ " ?student aa:lastname ?ln. " +
+ "OPTIONAL { ?student aa:affiliation ?t . } " +
+ "OPTIONAL { ?student aa:supervisor ?s . } " +
" }";
Query query = QueryFactory.create(queryString);
@@ -260,33 +288,49 @@ public class MyApp {
}
// Alternative: Use Pellet to answer queries
- // @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@TODO
-
+
// ***** Fourth exercise: reasoning *****
- PelletReasoner reasoner = new PelletReasoner();
OWLOntologyManager manager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager();
- // should not be a file
- OWLOntology ontology = manager.loadOntology( merged );
- OWLAxiom axiom = df.getOWLSubClassAxiom( headache, pain );
+ Reasoner reasoner = new Reasoner( manager );
+
+ // ontology that will be used
+ String file = "http://www.mindswap.org/2004/owl/mindswappers";
+
+ // Load the ontology
+ try {
+ OWLOntology ontology = manager.loadOntology( URI.create( "file://"+tempOntoFileName ) );
+ reasoner.loadOntology( ontology );
+ } catch (OWLOntologyCreationException ooce) { ooce.printStackTrace(); }
+
+ // get the instances of a class
+ OWLClass person = manager.getOWLDataFactory().getOWLClass( URI.create( "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology1.owl#Estudiante" ) );
+ Set instances = reasoner.getIndividuals( person, false );
+ System.err.println("There are "+instances.size()+" students "+person.getURI());
+
+ /*
+ OWLClass person2 = manager.getOWLDataFactory().getOWLClass( URI.create( "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology2.owl#Person" ) );
+ OWLAxiom axiom = manager.getOWLSubClassAxiom( person, person2 );
+ boolean isit = reasoner.isEntailed( axiom );
+ */
/*
// test consistency of aligned ontologies
- IDDLReasoner reasoner = new IDDLReasoner( Semantics.DL );
+ IDDLReasoner reasoner = new IDDLReasoner( Semantics.IDDL );
reasoner.addOntology( uri1 );
reasoner.addOntology( uri2 );
- reasoner.addAlignment( align1 );
+ reasoner.addAlignment( al );
// What to do if not consistent?
if ( reasoner.isConsistent() ) {
Alignment al2 = new URIAlignment();
- al2.init( uri1, uri2 );
+ try {
+ al2.init( uri1, uri2 );
// add the cell
//al2.addAlignCell( c2.getObject1(), c2.getObject2(), c2.getRelation().getRelation(), 1. );
+ } catch (AlignmentException ae) { ae.printStackTrace(); }
reasoner.isEntailed( al2 );
} else {
System.err.println( "your alignment is inconsistent");
- }
+ }
*/
- //
-
}
public String getFromURLString( String u, boolean print ){
diff --git a/html/tutorial2/Skeleton.java b/html/tutorial2/Skeleton.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..415f0c95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/html/tutorial2/Skeleton.java
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) INRIA, 2009
+ *
+ * Modifications to the initial code base are copyright of their
+ * respective authors, or their employers as appropriate. Authorship
+ * of the modifications may be determined from the ChangeLog placed at
+ * the end of this file.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of
+ * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
+ * USA.
+ */
+
+// Alignment API classes
+import org.semanticweb.owl.align.Alignment;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.align.AlignmentException;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.align.AlignmentProcess;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.align.AlignmentVisitor;
+import org.semanticweb.owl.align.Parameters;
+
+// Alignment API implementation classes
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.BasicParameters;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.ObjectAlignment;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.URIAlignment;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.BasicAlignment;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.method.StringDistAlignment;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.renderer.OWLAxiomsRendererVisitor;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.parser.AlignmentParser;
+
+// Jena
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.ModelFactory;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.Model;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.ontology.OntModelSpec;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryFactory;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.Query;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.ResultSet;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.ResultSetFormatter;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryExecution;
+import com.hp.hpl.jena.query.QueryExecutionFactory;
+
+// Pellet
+
+// IDDL
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.iddl.IDDLReasoner;
+import fr.inrialpes.exmo.iddl.conf.Semantics;
+
+// SAX standard classes
+import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
+
+// DOM Standard classes
+import org.w3c.dom.Document;
+import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
+import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
+import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
+import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
+import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
+import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
+import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpression;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
+import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
+
+// Java standard classes
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.BufferedWriter;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileWriter;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+
+/**
+ * MyApp
+ *
+ * Reconcile two ontologies in various ways
+ */
+
+public class MyApp {
+
+ String RESTServ = "http://aserv.inrialpes.fr/rest/";
+
+ public static void main( String[] args ) {
+ new MyApp().run( args );
+ }
+
+ public void run( String[] args ) {
+
+ // Setting variables
+ String myId = "JETest";
+ Alignment al = null;
+ URI uri1 = null;
+ URI uri2 = null;
+ //String u1 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology1.owl";
+ //String u2 = "http://alignapi.gforge.inria.fr/tutorial2/ontology2.owl";
+ String u1 = "file:ontology1.owl";
+ String u2 = "file:ontology2.owl";
+ String method = "fr.inrialpes.exmo.align.impl.method.StringDistAlignment";
+ Parameters params = new BasicParameters();
+ try {
+ uri1 = new URI( u1 );
+ uri2 = new URI( u2 );
+ } catch (URISyntaxException use) { use.printStackTrace(); exit(); }
+
+ try {
+
+ // ***** First exercise: matching *****
+ // (Sol1) Try to find an alignment between two ontologies from the server
+ // ask for it
+ // retrieve it
+ // parse it as an alignment
+
+ // (Sol2) Match the ontologies with a local algorithm
+ // match
+
+ // (Sol3) Match the ontologies on the server
+ // call for matching
+ // retrieve it
+ // parse it as an alignment
+
+ // Alternative: find an intermediate ontology between which there are alignments
+ // find (basically a graph traversal operation)
+ // retrieve them
+ // parse them
+ // compose them
+
+ // Supplementary:
+ // upload the result on the server
+ // store it
+
+ // ***** Second exercise: merging/transforming *****
+
+ // (Sol1) generate a merged ontology between the ontologies (OWLAxioms)
+
+ // (Sol2) import the data from one ontology into the other
+
+ // ***** Third exercise: querying and reasoning *****
+
+ // (Sol1) Use SPARQL to answer queries (at the data level)
+
+ // (Sol2) Use Pellet to answer queries (at the ontology level)
+
+ } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); exit(); }
+ }
+
+ public String getFromURLString( String u, boolean print ){
+ URL url = null;
+ String result = "<?xml version='1.0'?>";
+ try {
+ url = new URL( u );
+ BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
+ new InputStreamReader(
+ url.openStream()));
+ String inputLine;
+ while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
+ if (print) System.out.println(inputLine);
+ result += inputLine;
+ }
+ in.close();
+ }
+ catch ( MalformedURLException mue ) { mue.printStackTrace(); }
+ catch ( IOException mue ) { mue.printStackTrace(); }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ public NodeList extractFromResult( String found, String path, boolean print ){
+ Document document = null;
+ NodeList nodes = null;
+ try { // Parse the returned string as XML
+ DocumentBuilder parser =
+ DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
+ document = parser.parse(new ByteArrayInputStream( found.getBytes() ));
+ } catch ( ParserConfigurationException pce ) { pce.printStackTrace(); }
+ catch ( SAXException se ) { se.printStackTrace(); }
+ catch ( IOException ioe ) { ioe.printStackTrace(); }
+
+ try { // Apply the Xpath expression
+ XPathFactory factory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
+ XPath xpath = factory.newXPath();
+ XPathExpression expr = xpath.compile( path );
+ Object result = expr.evaluate( document, XPathConstants.NODESET );
+ nodes = (NodeList)result;
+ if ( print ) {
+ for ( int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
+ System.out.println(nodes.item(i).getNodeValue());
+ }
+ }
+ } catch (XPathExpressionException xpee) { xpee.printStackTrace(); }
+ return nodes;
+ }
+}
--
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